Note: After copying and pasting this script into your VBA editor, you may have to do a find/replace on the single quote and double quote characters to get replace the slanting style quotes with standard style, straight quotes.

Public Sub DumpAttributesToFileExample()

'Open a new text file to write to
 Open "c:/temp/outfile.txt" For Output As #1

 Dim pMxDoc As IMxDocument
 Dim pMap As IMap
 Dim pFLayer As IFeatureLayer
 Dim pFClass As IFeatureClass
 
 Set pMxDoc = ThisDocument
 Set pMap = pMxDoc.FocusMap
 
 'Get reference to layer in table of contents (0 is topmost layer)
 Set pFLayer = pMap.Layer(0)
 Set pFClass = pFLayer.FeatureClass

 'Use a Query Filter to select a subset of features using 
 'a simple SQL where clause
 Dim pQFilter As IQueryFilter
 Set pQFilter = New QueryFilter
 pQFilter.WhereClause = ""

 'Establish a cursor used for looping
 Dim pFCursor As IFeatureCursor
 Set pFCursor = pFClass.Search(pQFilter, True)
 Dim pFeature As IFeature
 Set pFeature = pFCursor.NextFeature
 
'Loop thru all features and write attributes to output file
Do Until pFeature Is Nothing
 

 'Note: below, pFeature.value(1) and pFeature.value(2) use field index numbers of the 2nd and 3rd fields in the table
 'to write the values in these fields to output file. Also, the _ character continues an expression to the next line
 

Print #1, "Field #2 = " & pFeature.Value(1)   & " and Field #3 = " & pFeature.Value(2)
Set pFeature = pFCursor.NextFeature

Loop

Close #1

End Sub